五年级奥数练习 全国通用版 含答案

共226页，带答案，题目截图如下

目录如下：

第 1 讲 分数计算与比较大小…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1

第 2 讲 整除……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8

第 3 讲 质数与合数……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….15

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….15

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….15

第 4 讲 包含与排除……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….22

(1)只被甲或乙覆盖，却不被丙覆盖的部分的面积是多少？……………………………………………………………… 23

(2)只被这 3 个圆中某一个圆覆盖的部分的面积是多少？…………………………………………………………………. 23

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….24

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….27

第 5 讲 分数与循环小数………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….30

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….30

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….30

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….32

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….35

第 6 讲 和差倍分问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….38

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….38

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….38

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….40

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….44

第 7 讲 行程问题四……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….46

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….46

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….46

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….46

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….48

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….51

第 8 讲 直线形计算二………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 54

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….54

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….54

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….54

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….56

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….59

第 9 讲 比较与估算……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….62

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….62

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….62提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….62

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….64

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….67

第 10 讲 几何计数…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………69

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….69

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….69

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….69

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….71

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….74

第 11 讲 约数与倍数……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..76

第 12 讲 余数………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..83

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….83

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….83

第 13 讲 数字谜综合一………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 90

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….90

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….90

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….90

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….92

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….95

第 14 讲 行程问题五……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..98

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….98

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….98

第 15 讲 圆与扇形……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 107

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..107

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..107

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..107

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..110

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..113

第 16 讲 构造认证一………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 115

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..115

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..115

第 17 讲 计算综合一………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 122

第 18 讲 应用题拓展………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 130

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..130

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..130

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..130

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..132

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..134

第 19 讲 工程问题……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 137

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..137

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..137

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..137

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..139

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..142第 20 讲 直线形计算三………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 144

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..144

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..144

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..144

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..146

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..148

第 21 讲 数字问题……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 151

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..151

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..151

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..151

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..153

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..155

第 22 讲 牛吃草问题与钟表问题………………………………………………………………………………………………… 157

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..157

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..157

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..157

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..159

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..162

(1)距 5 点最近的“时针与分针重合”的时刻是几点几分？……………………………………………….162

(2)距 5 点最近的“时针与分针左右对称”的时刻是几点几分？………………………………………. 162

第 23 讲 计数综合二………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 165

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..165

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..165

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..165

(1)要使两数之和是 3 的倍数，一共有多少种不同的选法？………………………………………….. 165

(2)要使两数之积是 3 的倍数，一共有多少种不同的选法？………………………………………….. 165

第 24 讲 抽屉原理二………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 171

内容概述………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..171

典型问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..171

提高篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..171

超越篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..173

拓展篇…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..175

参考答案……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..177

第 1 讲：分数计算与比较大小……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 177

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………177

拓展篇：………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..177

超越篇：………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..178

第 2 讲：整除………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………178

第 3 讲：质数与合数………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 181

第 4 讲：包含与排除………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 182

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………182

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………183

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………183

第 5 讲：分数与循环小数…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 184第 6 讲：和差倍分问题………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 186

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………186

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………186

1. 第 9 个。………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 187

2. 170 人。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

3. 120 分。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

4. 680 块。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

5. 18000 张。………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..187

6. 3 升。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….187

7. 168 个。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

8. 700 顶。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

9. 45 厘米。………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….187

10. 56 张。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

11. 56 个。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………187

第 7 讲：行程问题四………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 188

第 8 讲：直线形计算二………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 189

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………189

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………190

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………190

第 9 讲：比较与估算………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 191

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………191

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………191

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………192

第 10 讲：几何计数……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 193

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………193

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………193

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………194

第 11 讲：约数与倍数………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 194

第 12 讲：余数…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….196

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………196

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………197

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………197

第 13 讲：数字谜综合一…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 198

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………198

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………198

2.1，67，583；或 1，67，853……………………………………………………………………………………. 198

7.2，3，5，7，23，53，73，37，373…………………………………………………………………………199

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………199

第 14 讲：行程问题五………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 200

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………200

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………200

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………201

第 15 讲：圆与扇形……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 201第 16 讲：构造论证一………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 203

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………203

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………204

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………205

第 17 讲：计算综合一………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 206

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………206

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………206

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………207

第 18 讲：应用题拓展………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 207

第 19 讲：工程问题……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 209

第 19 讲：工程问题……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 211

第 21 讲：数字问题……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 212

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………212

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………213

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………213

第 22 讲：牛吃草问题与钟表问题………………………………………………………………………………………………. 214

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………214

1. （

1）12 头；（

2）3 天。…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 214

2. 48 只。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..214

3. 4 天。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….214

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………215

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………215

第 23 讲：计数综合二………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 216

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………216

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………216

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………217

1. （

1）6 种；（

2）8 种；（

3）23 种；（

4）9 种。………………………………………………………………………….217

2. 2100 个。………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….217

3. 575 个。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………217

4. 175 种。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………217

5. 44 种。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..217

6. 17 种。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..217

7. 42 种。……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..217

8. 12504 个。………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..217

第 24 讲：抽屉原理二………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 217

提高篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………217

拓展篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………218

超越篇……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………219